罗卡定律一条定律，道破必然[凡两个物体接触，会产生转移现象。即会带走一些东西，亦会留下一些东西。]--法证之父罗卡[凡走过必留下痕迹。]--法证之父罗卡FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaTheLocardexchangeprinciple,alsoknownasLocard'stheory,waspostulatedby20thcenturyforensicscientistEdmondLocard。Locardwasthedirectoroftheveryfirstcrimelaboratoryinexistence,locatedinLyon,France。Locard'sexchangeprinciplestatesthat"withcontactbetweentwoitems,therewillbeanexchange"(Thornton,1997)。EssentiallyLocard'sprincipleisappliedtocrimescenesinwhichtheperpetrator(s)ofacrimecomesintocontactwiththescene,sohewillbothbringsomethingintothesceneandleavewithsomethingfromthescene。Everycontactleavesatrace。“Whereverhesteps,whateverhetouches,whateverheleaves,evenunconsciously,willserveasasilentwitnessagainsthim。Notonlyhisfingerprintsorhisfootprints,buthishair,thefibersfromhisclothes,theglasshebreaks,thetoolmarkheleaves,thepainthescratches,thebloodorsemenhedepositsorcollects。Alloftheseandmore,bearmutewitnessagainsthim。Thisisevidencethatdoesnotforget。Itisnotconfusedbytheexcitementofthemoment。Itisnotabsentbecausehumanwitnessesare。Itisfactualevidence。Physicalevidencecannotbewrong,itcannotperjureitself,itcannotbewhollyabsent。Onlyhumanfailuretofindit,studyandunderstandit,candiminishitsvalue。”-ProfessorEdmondLocard1910年，法国警官艾德蒙罗卡建立了一套黄金定律，那就是人类无论做过何种接触，一定会留下微迹证。他的报告奠定了现代刑事鉴识科学的基石利用罗卡的原理，刑事鉴识人员分析犯罪现场所发现的纤维，就可查出大量线索，如衣服款式、衣服售出地、甚至连织品制造商都可以查出来。藉由分析微小的纤维，微迹证鉴识员能够确切指出嫌犯曾身处现场，进而定罪嫌犯。
标签：罗卡
